Statizoid

Proportion of population with primary reliance on polluting fuels and technologies for cooking (%) by country

Countries reporting
130
Highest
100.0%
Central African Republic
Lowest
0.1%
Turkmenistan
Median
68.0%
Years covered
34
1990–2023
Data points
6,834

What the numbers show

Proportion of population with primary reliance on polluting fuels and technologies for cooking (%) is currently reported for 130 countries. The highest value is 100.0% in Central African Republic; the lowest is 0.1% in Turkmenistan.

The median across all reporting countries is 68.0%, and the mean is 57.1%.

The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 1,000.

Over the past decade 28 countries rose and 98 fell. The largest increase was in Syrian Arab Republic (up 182.1%), and the largest decrease in Viet Nam (down 96.9%).

Proportion of population with primary reliance on polluting fuels and: full country ranking

#Country LatestYear 10-year changeTrend
1 Central African Republic 100.0% 2023 unchanged flat
1 Guinea-Bissau 100.0% 2023 up 0.1% flat
1 Liberia 100.0% 2023 up 0.1% flat
1 Sierra Leone 100.0% 2023 up 0.2% flat
1 South Sudan 100.0% 2023 unchanged flat
6 Burundi 99.9% 2023 unchanged flat
6 Djibouti 99.9% 2023 up 0.5% flat
6 Guinea 99.9% 2023 up 0.2% flat
6 Gambia 99.9% 2023 up 0.4% flat
6 Chad 99.9% 2023 up 0.2% rising
11 Micronesia, Federated States of 99.8% 2023 up 0.5% flat
12 Ethiopia 99.7% 2023 up 0.1% flat
13 Madagascar 99.5% 2023 up 0.1% flat
13 Marshall Islands 99.5% 2023 up 0.7% flat
13 Mali 99.5% 2023 down 0.1% flat
13 Malawi 99.5% 2023 up 0.1% flat
13 Niger 99.5% 2023 down 0.2% flat
13 Somalia 99.5% 2023 down 0.1% flat
19 Congo, Democratic Republic of the 99.2% 2023 down 0.6% flat
19 Korea, Democratic People's Republic of 99.2% 2023 up 0.1% flat
19 Uganda 99.2% 2023 down 0.4% flat
22 Solomon Islands 99.1% 2023 up 0.8% flat
23 Eritrea 99.0% 2023 down 0.2% flat
23 Rwanda 99.0% 2023 down 0.8% flat
25 Sao Tome and Principe 98.9% 2023 down 0.7% flat
25 Togo 98.9% 2023 down 0.4% flat
27 Mozambique 98.7% 2023 down 0.8% flat
28 Haiti 98.6% 2023 down 0.3% flat
29 Benin 97.9% 2023 down 0.9% flat
30 Kiribati 97.8% 2023 down 1.4% flat
31 Zambia 97.7% 2023 unchanged flat
32 Tanzania, United Republic of 97.5% 2023 down 1.9% flat
33 Equatorial Guinea 97.3% 2023 up 2.3% flat
34 Lao People's Democratic Republic 97.1% 2023 down 1.8% flat
35 Burkina Faso 96.5% 2023 down 2.1% flat
36 Congo 95.1% 2023 down 2.2% flat
37 Cameroon 94.6% 2023 down 2.7% flat
38 Papua New Guinea 94.2% 2023 down 2.3% falling
39 Comoros 94.1% 2023 down 4.0% falling
40 Timor-Leste 92.6% 2023 down 5.3% falling
41 Zimbabwe 92.5% 2023 down 2.3% flat
42 Côte d'Ivoire 92.4% 2023 down 5.2% falling
43 Angola 91.6% 2023 down 1.0% flat
44 Senegal 91.2% 2023 down 2.8% flat
45 Vanuatu 91.0% 2023 down 5.0% falling
46 Nigeria 90.3% 2023 down 8.5% falling
47 Nicaragua 89.6% 2023 down 2.3% falling
48 Bangladesh 89.2% 2023 down 7.5% falling
49 Bosnia and Herzegovina 89.0% 2023 up 8.6% rising
50 Kenya 88.6% 2023 down 9.1% falling
51 Namibia 86.5% 2023 down 2.0% flat
52 Ghana 85.9% 2023 down 9.3% falling
53 Cook Islands 83.4% 2023 up 15.3% rising
54 Guatemala 82.7% 2023 down 6.0% rising
55 Mongolia 81.0% 2023 down 10.8% falling
56 Mauritania 79.7% 2023 down 2.0% falling
57 Afghanistan 79.6% 2023 down 12.7% falling
58 Tokelau 76.0% 2023 up 8.2% flat
59 Yemen 75.1% 2023 up 29.3% rising
60 Honduras 75.0% 2023 down 9.1% falling
61 Nepal 74.3% 2023 down 15.1% falling
62 Sri Lanka 73.8% 2023 down 11.7% falling
63 Botswana 73.6% 2023 up 2.4% falling
64 Fiji 70.1% 2023 down 16.0% falling
65 Eswatini 69.0% 2023 down 6.1% falling
66 Pakistan 66.9% 2023 down 22.0% falling
67 Samoa 66.8% 2023 down 15.0% falling
68 Lesotho 65.5% 2023 down 19.8% falling
69 Myanmar 61.6% 2023 down 35.0% falling
70 Philippines 60.1% 2023 down 21.8% falling
71 Tuvalu 56.3% 2023 down 17.4% falling
72 Montenegro 56.0% 2023 down 4.4% rising
73 Paraguay 55.6% 2023 down 17.4% falling
74 Cambodia 50.7% 2023 down 45.8% falling
75 Gabon 48.9% 2023 down 24.4% falling
76 Cape Verde 42.0% 2023 down 33.2% falling
77 Mexico 39.7% 2023 down 17.3% falling
78 North Macedonia 38.2% 2023 down 26.8% falling
79 Colombia 36.4% 2023 down 28.3% falling
80 Sudan 36.2% 2023 down 46.8% falling
81 India 34.3% 2023 down 56.4% falling
82 Peru 30.9% 2023 down 61.6% falling
83 South Africa 29.6% 2023 down 23.7% falling
84 Kyrgyzstan 29.1% 2023 down 19.4% falling
84 Serbia 29.1% 2023 down 42.6% falling
84 Uzbekistan 29.1% 2023 up 10.9% falling
87 Bolivia, Plurinational State of 28.8% 2023 down 46.7% falling
88 Albania 27.5% 2023 down 42.1% falling
89 Belize 25.9% 2023 down 3.0% falling
90 China 22.6% 2023 down 60.4% falling
91 Malaysia 22.1% 2023 up 142.9% volatile
92 Dominica 20.8% 2023 down 11.5% falling
93 Dominican Republic 20.4% 2023 down 33.1% falling
94 Thailand 18.9% 2023 down 42.6% falling
95 Brazil 16.6% 2023 down 36.2% falling
96 Tajikistan 16.2% 2023 down 51.1% volatile
96 Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of 16.2% 2023 down 15.2% flat
98 Indonesia 15.9% 2023 down 74.0% falling
99 Türkiye 15.8% 2023 down 3.1% falling
100 Grenada 15.7% 2023 up 68.8% rising
101 Ecuador 13.5% 2023 down 11.8% volatile
102 Georgia 12.9% 2023 down 74.7% falling
103 Bhutan 12.5% 2023 down 67.0% volatile
104 Ukraine 12.4% 2023 up 2.5% falling
105 El Salvador 12.3% 2023 down 70.7% falling
106 Tonga 11.3% 2023 down 71.6% falling
107 Syrian Arab Republic 11.0% 2023 up 182.1% volatile
108 Jamaica 10.3% 2023 down 49.3% volatile
109 Costa Rica 9.7% 2023 down 44.3% falling
110 Cuba 9.1% 2023 down 44.8% volatile
110 Kazakhstan 9.1% 2023 down 35.0% volatile
112 Saint Lucia 8.7% 2023 up 117.5% rising
113 Iran, Islamic Republic of 6.7% 2023 down 2.9% volatile
114 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 6.0% 2023 up 100.0% rising
115 Armenia 2.6% 2023 down 58.6% volatile
116 Azerbaijan 2.2% 2023 down 73.5% volatile
116 Morocco 2.2% 2023 down 60.0% volatile
118 Argentina 1.8% 2023 down 58.1% volatile
119 Republic of Moldova 1.7% 2023 down 77.0% volatile
120 Viet Nam 1.3% 2023 down 96.9% volatile
121 Niue 1.0% 2023 down 78.7% volatile
122 Algeria 0.9% 2023 down 50.0% volatile
122 Jordan 0.9% 2023 up 80.0% volatile
122 Mauritius 0.9% 2023 down 60.9% volatile
125 Belarus 0.6% 2023 down 73.9% volatile
125 Iraq 0.6% 2023 down 88.0% volatile
127 Maldives 0.2% 2023 down 94.7% volatile
127 Tunisia 0.2% 2023 down 71.4% volatile
129 Egypt 0.1% 2023 down 50.0% volatile
129 Turkmenistan 0.1% 2023 down 50.0% volatile

Regions and income groups

Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.

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Proportion of population with primary reliance on polluting fuels and by country. Statizoid, drawing on World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory. Retrieved 26 August 2026, from https://health.statizoid.com/stat/proportion-of-population-with-primary-reliance-on-polluting-fuels-and-technologies-for/

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About this data

Indicator
Proportion of population with primary reliance on polluting fuels and technologies for cooking (%)
Source
World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory
Licence
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO (WHO)
Coverage
201 places, 6,834 data points, 1990–2023
Last refreshed