People practicing open defecation, rural in India

India: People practicing open defecation, rural was 10.7% in 2024. ▼ Falling

Latest (2024)
10.7%
Change on year
down 23.9%
World rank
42nd
of 171 countries
All-time high
91.4%
in 2000
All-time low
10.7%
in 2024
Years of data
25
2000–2024

People practicing open defecation, rural in India, 2000–2024

204060801002000201220242000: 91.4 % of rural population2001: 88.1 % of rural population2002: 84.7 % of rural population2003: 81.3 % of rural population2004: 78 % of rural population2005: 74.6 % of rural population2006: 71.3 % of rural population2007: 67.9 % of rural population2008: 64.5 % of rural population2009: 61.2 % of rural population2010: 57.8 % of rural population2011: 54.5 % of rural population2012: 51.1 % of rural population2013: 47.8 % of rural population2014: 44.4 % of rural population2015: 41 % of rural population2016: 37.7 % of rural population2017: 34.3 % of rural population2018: 31 % of rural population2019: 27.6 % of rural population2020: 24.2 % of rural population2021: 20.8 % of rural population2022: 17.4 % of rural population2023: 14 % of rural population2024: 10.7 % of rural population

Source: WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene, World Health Organization (WHO). Measured in % of rural population.

Analysis

India recorded 10.7% for people practicing open defecation, rural in 2024. That is the lowest value across all 25 years on record.

The figure is down 23.9% on the previous year and down 76.0% over ten years.

Over the whole period, people practicing open defecation, rural in India peaked at 91.4% in 2000 and was at its lowest, 10.7%, in 2024.

That places India 42nd out of 171 countries with data for 2024, putting it in the top quarter.

The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 25 years of available data.

People practicing open defecation, rural in India, year by year

Annual values for People practicing open defecation, rural (% of rural population) in India, 2000 to 2024.
Year % of rural population Change
2000 91.4%
2001 88.1% -3.7%
2002 84.7% -3.8%
2003 81.3% -4.0%
2004 78.0% -4.1%
2005 74.6% -4.3%
2006 71.3% -4.5%
2007 67.9% -4.7%
2008 64.5% -4.9%
2009 61.2% -5.2%
2010 57.8% -5.5%
2011 54.5% -5.8%
2012 51.1% -6.2%
2013 47.8% -6.6%
2014 44.4% -7.0%
2015 41.0% -7.6%
2016 37.7% -8.2%
2017 34.3% -8.9%
2018 31.0% -9.8%
2019 27.6% -10.8%
2020 24.2% -12.4%
2021 20.8% -14.1%
2022 17.4% -16.3%
2023 14.0% -19.4%
2024 10.7% -23.9%

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
2000s 76.3% 61.2% 91.4% 10
2010s 42.7% 27.6% 57.8% 10
2020s 17.4% 10.7% 24.2% 5

Countries ranked near India

  1. 39 Pakistan 13.0% compare
  2. 40 Timor-Leste 11.7% compare
  3. 41 Senegal 11.3% compare
  4. 43 Tanzania, United Republic of 10.6% compare
  5. 44 Cape Verde 10.1% compare
  6. 45 Colombia 9.9% compare

See the full ranking of 218 places →

More health data for India

All data for India →

Frequently asked questions

What is people practicing open defecation, rural in India?
People practicing open defecation, rural in India was 10.7% in 2024, according to WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene, World Health Organization (WHO).
What is the highest people practicing open defecation, rural recorded in India?
The highest recorded value was 91.4% in 2000.
What is the lowest people practicing open defecation, rural recorded in India?
The lowest recorded value was 10.7% in 2024.
How does India rank for people practicing open defecation, rural?
India ranks 42nd out of 171 countries with data for 2024.
Is people practicing open defecation, rural rising or falling in India?
Over the last ten years it is down 76.0%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
Where does this India data come from?
The figures come from WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene, World Health Organization (WHO), published as part of People practicing open defecation, rural (% of rural population). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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People practicing open defecation, rural in India. Statizoid, drawing on WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene, World Health Organization (WHO). Retrieved 03 September 2026, from https://health.statizoid.com/stat/people-practicing-open-defecation-rural-percent-of-rural-population/india/

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About this data

Indicator
People practicing open defecation, rural (% of rural population)
Unit
% of rural population
Source
WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene, World Health Organization (WHO)
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data)
Coverage
218 places, 5,299 data points, 2000–2024
Last refreshed

People practicing open defecation refers to the percentage of the population defecating in the open, such as in fields, forest, bushes, open bodies of water, on beaches, in other open spaces or disposed of with solid waste.