Number of under-five deaths, annual growth rate by country
The year-on-year percentage change in Number of under-five deaths. Computed from consecutive annual observations; years either side of a gap are skipped rather than bridged.
Countries reporting
197
Highest
13.91 % change on previous year
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Lowest
-100 % change on previous year
San Marino
Median
-2.43 % change on previous year
Years covered
64
1961–2024
Data points
12,851
What the numbers show
Number of under-five deaths, annual growth rate is currently reported for 197 countries. The highest value is 13.91 % change on previous year in Bosnia and Herzegovina; the lowest is -100 % change on previous year in San Marino.
The median across all reporting countries is -2.43 % change on previous year, and the mean is -3.76 % change on previous year.
Over the past decade 90 countries rose and 95 fell. The largest increase was in Moldova (up 975.2%), and the largest decrease in France (down 9,396.5%).
Number of under-five deaths, annual growth rate: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 13.91 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 436.9% | volatile |
| 2 | Croatia | 9.04 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 307.8% | volatile |
| 3 | Singapore | 7.56 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 587.8% | volatile |
| 4 | Cyprus | 7.46 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 361.2% | volatile |
| 5 | Romania | 5.26 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 166.9% | volatile |
| 6 | Oman | 4.12 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 35.9% | volatile |
| 7 | South Sudan | 3.85 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 95.9% | volatile |
| 8 | Norway | 3.17 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 177.6% | volatile |
| 9 | Cuba | 2.88 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 415.4% | volatile |
| 10 | Denmark | 2.67 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 410.7% | volatile |
| 11 | Lebanon | 2.5 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 74.7% | volatile |
| 12 | Central African Republic | 2.25 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 94.8% | volatile |
| 13 | Belize | 2.17 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 191.3% | volatile |
| 14 | Canada | 1.67 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 266.8% | volatile |
| 15 | United Kingdom | 1.16 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 126.8% | volatile |
| 16 | Moldova | 1.13 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 975.2% | volatile |
| 17 | Malaysia | 0.9714 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 36.7% | volatile |
| 18 | Saudi Arabia | 0.8715 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 123.2% | volatile |
| 19 | Zimbabwe | 0.8371 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 114.2% | volatile |
| 20 | South Africa | 0.7979 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 123.9% | volatile |
| 21 | Costa Rica | 0.7449 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 118.7% | volatile |
| 22 | Syria | 0.7157 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 105.7% | volatile |
| 23 | Chad | 0.5963 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 963.5% | volatile |
| 24 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 0.5747 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 65.2% | volatile |
| 25 | Panama | 0.5525 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 162.6% | volatile |
| 26 | Ireland | 0.4878 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 108.4% | volatile |
| 27 | United Arab Emirates | 0.4032 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 68.0% | volatile |
| 28 | Venezuela | 0.3962 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 64.2% | volatile |
| 29 | Portugal | 0.3623 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 107.8% | volatile |
| 30 | Slovakia | 0.3058 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 114.2% | volatile |
| 31 | Liberia | 0.0413 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 206.1% | volatile |
| 32 | Niger | 0.0253 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 98.4% | volatile |
| 33 | Andorra | 0 % change on previous year | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 33 | Antigua and Barbuda | 0 % change on previous year | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 33 | Bahrain | 0 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 33 | Dominica | 0 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 33 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 0 % change on previous year | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 33 | Saint Lucia | 0 % change on previous year | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 33 | Luxembourg | 0 % change on previous year | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 33 | Monaco | 0 % change on previous year | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 33 | Malta | 0 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 100.0% | volatile |
| 33 | Palau | 0 % change on previous year | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 33 | Turks and Caicos Islands | 0 % change on previous year | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 33 | British Virgin Islands | 0 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 45 | Zambia | -0.0273 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 99.3% | volatile |
| 46 | Malawi | -0.1366 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 96.8% | volatile |
| 47 | Nigeria | -0.1829 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 149.3% | volatile |
| 48 | Uganda | -0.2572 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 91.9% | volatile |
| 49 | Bangladesh | -0.2791 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 94.6% | volatile |
| 50 | Switzerland | -0.3086 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 136.5% | volatile |
| 51 | Uruguay | -0.3984 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 89.2% | volatile |
| 52 | Madagascar | -0.6434 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 307.9% | volatile |
| 53 | Kenya | -0.7436 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 76.1% | volatile |
| 54 | Fiji | -0.818 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 16.2% | volatile |
| 55 | Serbia | -0.9202 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 81.0% | volatile |
| 56 | Germany | -0.9205 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 192.3% | volatile |
| 57 | Spain | -0.9234 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 83.1% | volatile |
| 58 | Finland | -0.9524 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 81.4% | volatile |
| 59 | Somalia | -0.9942 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 210.0% | volatile |
| 60 | Netherlands | -1.05 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 40.7% | volatile |
| 61 | Qatar | -1.16 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 135.3% | volatile |
| 62 | Angola | -1.17 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 50.6% | volatile |
| 63 | Egypt | -1.27 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 508.3% | volatile |
| 64 | Lithuania | -1.32 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 3.3% | volatile |
| 65 | Japan | -1.32 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 74.2% | volatile |
| 66 | United States | -1.32 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 20.4% | volatile |
| 67 | Australia | -1.44 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 68.1% | volatile |
| 68 | Eritrea | -1.45 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 59.5% | volatile |
| 69 | Mauritania | -1.49 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 236.3% | volatile |
| 70 | Congo | -1.52 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 34.2% | volatile |
| 71 | Brunei | -1.59 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 156.3% | volatile |
| 72 | Equatorial Guinea | -1.71 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 43.3% | volatile |
| 73 | Iraq | -1.75 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 53.3% | volatile |
| 74 | Bahamas | -1.82 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 30.9% | volatile |
| 75 | Solomon Islands | -1.82 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 226.0% | volatile |
| 76 | Kyrgyzstan | -1.82 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 61.1% | volatile |
| 77 | Yemen | -1.84 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 210.8% | volatile |
| 78 | Sudan | -1.89 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 1.2% | volatile |
| 79 | Mozambique | -1.9 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 10.6% | volatile |
| 80 | Vanuatu | -1.91 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 401.9% | volatile |
| 81 | Guinea | -2.03 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 398.8% | volatile |
| 82 | Israel | -2.04 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 53.3% | volatile |
| 83 | Cameroon | -2.06 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 25.7% | volatile |
| 84 | New Zealand | -2.1 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 58.9% | volatile |
| 85 | Benin | -2.11 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 860.1% | volatile |
| 86 | Rwanda | -2.11 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 39.4% | volatile |
| 87 | Tanzania | -2.15 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 38.9% | volatile |
| 88 | Mauritius | -2.16 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 61.1% | volatile |
| 89 | Cote d'Ivoire | -2.2 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 1.7% | volatile |
| 90 | Sao Tome and Principe | -2.22 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 75.2% | volatile |
| 91 | Djibouti | -2.25 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 25.2% | volatile |
| 92 | Philippines | -2.27 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 6.2% | volatile |
| 93 | Mali | -2.28 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 14.3% | volatile |
| 94 | Afghanistan | -2.28 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 41.1% | volatile |
| 95 | Argentina | -2.34 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 19.1% | volatile |
| 96 | Togo | -2.36 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 10.0% | volatile |
| 97 | Burundi | -2.4 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 38.7% | volatile |
| 98 | Lesotho | -2.42 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 36.5% | volatile |
| 99 | Gambia | -2.43 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 21.3% | volatile |
| 100 | Uzbekistan | -2.47 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 0.7% | volatile |
| 101 | Ecuador | -2.51 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 65.1% | volatile |
| 102 | Namibia | -2.53 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 689.2% | volatile |
| 103 | Burkina Faso | -2.55 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 27.6% | volatile |
| 104 | Comoros | -2.58 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 80.0% | volatile |
| 105 | Armenia | -2.59 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 54.3% | volatile |
| 106 | Guinea-Bissau | -2.64 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 11.9% | falling |
| 107 | Kiribati | -2.69 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 626.9% | volatile |
| 108 | Jordan | -2.74 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 640.1% | volatile |
| 109 | Senegal | -2.75 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 23.6% | volatile |
| 110 | Poland | -2.76 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 41.1% | volatile |
| 111 | Brazil | -2.83 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 22.5% | volatile |
| 112 | Pakistan | -2.87 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 7.2% | volatile |
| 113 | Sierra Leone | -2.92 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 120.0% | volatile |
| 114 | Papua New Guinea | -2.93 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 109.3% | volatile |
| 115 | France | -2.93 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 9,396.5% | volatile |
| 116 | Albania | -2.94 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 32.2% | rising |
| 117 | Honduras | -2.95 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 14.5% | volatile |
| 118 | Ghana | -2.96 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 8.5% | volatile |
| 119 | Guatemala | -3.01 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 14.9% | volatile |
| 120 | Barbados | -3.12 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 29.7% | volatile |
| 121 | Peru | -3.21 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 31.5% | volatile |
| 122 | Tajikistan | -3.28 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 4,848.4% | volatile |
| 123 | Eswatini | -3.29 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 494.8% | volatile |
| 124 | Gabon | -3.33 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 182.9% | volatile |
| 125 | Haiti | -3.34 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 22.4% | volatile |
| 126 | Austria | -3.37 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 157.9% | volatile |
| 127 | Suriname | -3.39 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 39.5% | rising |
| 128 | Kuwait | -3.42 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 220.6% | volatile |
| 129 | Micronesia (country) | -3.45 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 28.4% | volatile |
| 130 | East Timor | -3.46 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 8.3% | volatile |
| 131 | Jamaica | -3.48 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 23.7% | rising |
| 132 | Kazakhstan | -3.51 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 58.6% | volatile |
| 133 | Dominican Republic | -3.56 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 1,566.9% | volatile |
| 134 | Paraguay | -3.63 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 135.7% | volatile |
| 135 | Colombia | -3.67 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 21.8% | volatile |
| 136 | Botswana | -3.74 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 36.0% | volatile |
| 137 | Greece | -3.75 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 72.3% | volatile |
| 138 | Mexico | -3.76 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 6.7% | falling |
| 139 | Myanmar | -3.82 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 2.1% | volatile |
| 140 | Italy | -3.86 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 31.9% | rising |
| 141 | Cape Verde | -4 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 58.7% | volatile |
| 141 | Grenada | -4 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 20.0% | volatile |
| 141 | Seychelles | -4 % change on previous year | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 144 | Georgia | -4.07 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 107.0% | volatile |
| 145 | Laos | -4.17 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 29.1% | falling |
| 146 | Tonga | -4.17 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 50.0% | rising |
| 147 | Indonesia | -4.21 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 28.7% | volatile |
| 148 | Algeria | -4.21 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 591.7% | volatile |
| 149 | El Salvador | -4.23 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 14.3% | volatile |
| 150 | Bolivia | -4.34 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 30.4% | volatile |
| 151 | Trinidad and Tobago | -4.44 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 67.0% | volatile |
| 152 | Morocco | -4.47 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 37.2% | falling |
| 153 | Sri Lanka | -4.48 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 29.7% | volatile |
| 154 | Thailand | -4.52 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 23.3% | falling |
| 155 | Guyana | -4.56 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 197.6% | volatile |
| 156 | Samoa | -4.65 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 420.9% | volatile |
| 157 | Mongolia | -4.7 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 424.0% | volatile |
| 158 | Turkmenistan | -4.73 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 223.2% | volatile |
| 159 | Slovenia | -4.76 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 3.2% | volatile |
| 160 | Cambodia | -4.77 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 22.3% | volatile |
| 161 | Bulgaria | -4.84 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 40.3% | volatile |
| 162 | Russia | -4.95 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 6.8% | volatile |
| 163 | Iran | -5 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 579.6% | volatile |
| 164 | Bhutan | -5.03 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 41.5% | volatile |
| 165 | Hungary | -5.06 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 58.4% | volatile |
| 166 | Sweden | -5.14 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 747.8% | volatile |
| 167 | Vietnam | -5.14 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 425.8% | volatile |
| 168 | South Korea | -5.3 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 8.0% | falling |
| 169 | Nepal | -5.34 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 6.6% | volatile |
| 170 | India | -5.35 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 31.3% | volatile |
| 171 | Czechia | -5.45 % change on previous year | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 172 | Montenegro | -5.56 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 44.4% | volatile |
| 173 | Belgium | -5.64 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 129.8% | volatile |
| 174 | Chile | -5.93 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 146.0% | volatile |
| 175 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | -6.67 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 120.0% | volatile |
| 176 | Kosovo | -6.84 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 20.3% | rising |
| 176 | Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) | -6.84 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 20.3% | rising |
| 178 | Iceland | -7.69 % change on previous year | 2024 | up 7.7% | volatile |
| 179 | Ukraine | -7.83 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 4.9% | volatile |
| 180 | Estonia | -8 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 2.0% | volatile |
| 181 | North Korea | -8.05 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 45.4% | volatile |
| 182 | Azerbaijan | -8.09 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 54.7% | volatile |
| 183 | Marshall Islands | -8.33 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 8.3% | volatile |
| 184 | Tunisia | -8.78 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 728.2% | volatile |
| 185 | Maldives | -8.82 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 25.0% | volatile |
| 186 | Palestine | -10.38 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 177.0% | volatile |
| 187 | Belarus | -11.8 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 195.5% | volatile |
| 188 | China | -12.28 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 54.5% | volatile |
| 189 | Ethiopia | -12.38 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 199.3% | volatile |
| 190 | Latvia | -16.28 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 190.7% | volatile |
| 191 | Nicaragua | -18.84 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 204.1% | volatile |
| 192 | Tuvalu | -20 % change on previous year | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 193 | North Macedonia | -22.58 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 850.8% | volatile |
| 194 | Turkey | -32.67 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 1,087.7% | volatile |
| 195 | Nauru | -33.33 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 166.7% | volatile |
| 196 | Libya | -70.48 % change on previous year | 2024 | down 2,576.8% | volatile |
| 197 | San Marino | -100 % change on previous year | 2015 | — | volatile |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- Central Europe and the Baltics -0.3727 % change on previous year
- Low income -0.6182 % change on previous year
- Pre-demographic dividend -0.6445 % change on previous year
- Africa Western and Central -0.7245 % change on previous year
- North America -1.1 % change on previous year
- IDA blend -1.1 % change on previous year
- Sub-Saharan Africa -1.41 % change on previous year
- Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD countries) -1.41 % change on previous year
- Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high income) -1.41 % change on previous year
- Post-demographic dividend -1.45 % change on previous year
- High income -1.48 % change on previous year
- European Union -1.54 % change on previous year
- IDA total -1.67 % change on previous year
- Euro area -1.97 % change on previous year
- Least developed countries -2.02 % change on previous year
- IDA only -2.07 % change on previous year
- Pacific island small states -2.1 % change on previous year
- Africa Eastern and Southern -2.16 % change on previous year
- Heavily indebted poor countries (HIPC) -2.21 % change on previous year
- Lower middle income -2.34 % change on previous year
- IDA & IBRD total -2.56 % change on previous year
- World -2.56 % change on previous year
- Low & middle income -2.57 % change on previous year
- Arab World -2.57 % change on previous year
- Middle income -2.81 % change on previous year
- Small states -2.86 % change on previous year
- Other small states -2.93 % change on previous year
- Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan (IDA & IBRD) -3.02 % change on previous year
- Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan -3.05 % change on previous year
- Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan (excluding high income) -3.09 % change on previous year
- Latin America & Caribbean -3.14 % change on previous year
- Latin America & Caribbean (excluding high income) -3.16 % change on previous year
- Latin America & the Caribbean (IDA & IBRD countries) -3.17 % change on previous year
- Caribbean Small States -3.41 % change on previous year
- South Asia -4.66 % change on previous year
- South Asia (IDA & IBRD) -4.66 % change on previous year
- Early-demographic dividend -4.81 % change on previous year
- IBRD only -5.02 % change on previous year
- East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries) -5.52 % change on previous year
- East Asia & Pacific -5.52 % change on previous year
How this figure is calculated
The year-on-year percentage change in Number of under-five deaths. Computed from consecutive annual observations; years either side of a gap are skipped rather than bridged.
Computed from
- Number of under-five deaths UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation, UN Children's Fund (UNICEF)
Statizoid computes this series; the underlying measurements belong to the publishers named above. The arithmetic is applied to every country and year where both inputs report, and nothing is estimated unless the page says so.
About this data
The year-on-year percentage change in Number of under-five deaths. Computed from consecutive annual observations; years either side of a gap are skipped rather than bridged.