People practicing open defecation in Middle income

Middle income: People practicing open defecation was 3.8% in 2024. ▼ Falling

Latest (2024)
3.8%
Change on year
down 16.5%
Rank
25th
of 45 groups
All-time high
25.7%
in 2000
All-time low
3.8%
in 2024
Years of data
25
2000–2024

People practicing open defecation in Middle income, 2000–2024

5101520252000201220242000: 25.7 % of population2001: 24.8 % of population2002: 24 % of population2003: 23 % of population2004: 22.1 % of population2005: 21.2 % of population2006: 20.1 % of population2007: 19.1 % of population2008: 18.2 % of population2009: 17.2 % of population2010: 16.3 % of population2011: 15.4 % of population2012: 14.4 % of population2013: 13.5 % of population2014: 12.5 % of population2015: 11.7 % of population2016: 10.8 % of population2017: 10.1 % of population2018: 9.1 % of population2019: 8.2 % of population2020: 7.3 % of population2021: 6.4 % of population2022: 5.6 % of population2023: 4.6 % of population2024: 3.8 % of population

Source: WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene, World Health Organization (WHO). Measured in % of population.

Analysis

In 2024, people practicing open defecation in Middle income stood at 3.8%. That is the lowest value across all 25 years on record.

Compared with earlier readings it is down 16.5% on the previous year and down 69.4% over ten years.

Over the whole period, people practicing open defecation in Middle income peaked at 25.7% in 2000 and was at its lowest, 3.8%, in 2024.

Middle income ranks 25th of 45 groups on this measure, in the middle of the range.

The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 25 years of available data.

People practicing open defecation in Middle income, year by year

Annual values for People practicing open defecation (% of population) in Middle income, 2000 to 2024.
Year % of population Change
2000 25.7%
2001 24.8% -3.3%
2002 24.0% -3.6%
2003 23.0% -3.8%
2004 22.1% -4.1%
2005 21.2% -4.3%
2006 20.1% -5.2%
2007 19.1% -4.7%
2008 18.2% -5.0%
2009 17.2% -5.2%
2010 16.3% -5.4%
2011 15.4% -5.7%
2012 14.4% -6.1%
2013 13.5% -6.5%
2014 12.5% -6.9%
2015 11.7% -6.8%
2016 10.8% -7.9%
2017 10.1% -6.6%
2018 9.1% -9.2%
2019 8.2% -10.0%
2020 7.3% -11.1%
2021 6.4% -12.1%
2022 5.6% -13.2%
2023 4.6% -17.5%
2024 3.8% -16.5%

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
2000s 21.5% 17.2% 25.7% 10
2010s 12.2% 8.2% 16.3% 10
2020s 5.5% 3.8% 7.3% 5

Countries ranked near Middle income

  1. 22 Mauritania 16.2% compare
  2. 23 Mozambique 16.0% compare
  3. 24 Djibouti 15.9% compare
  4. 25 Papua New Guinea 15.6% compare
  5. 26 Sierra Leone 15.3% compare
  6. 27 Lesotho 14.8% compare
  7. 28 Somalia 14.4% compare

See the full ranking of 261 places →

More health data for Middle income

All data for Middle income →

Frequently asked questions

What is people practicing open defecation in Middle income?
People practicing open defecation in Middle income was 3.8% in 2024, according to WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene, World Health Organization (WHO).
What is the highest people practicing open defecation recorded in Middle income?
The highest recorded value was 25.7% in 2000.
What is the lowest people practicing open defecation recorded in Middle income?
The lowest recorded value was 3.8% in 2024.
How does Middle income rank for people practicing open defecation?
Middle income ranks 25th out of 45 groups with data for 2024.
Is people practicing open defecation rising or falling in Middle income?
Over the last ten years it is down 69.4%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
Where does this Middle income data come from?
The figures come from WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene, World Health Organization (WHO), published as part of People practicing open defecation (% of population). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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People practicing open defecation in Middle income. Statizoid, drawing on WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene, World Health Organization (WHO). Retrieved 31 August 2026, from https://health.statizoid.com/stat/people-practicing-open-defecation-percent-of-population/middle-income/

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About this data

Indicator
People practicing open defecation (% of population)
Unit
% of population
Source
WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene, World Health Organization (WHO)
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data)
Coverage
261 places, 6,240 data points, 2000–2024
Last refreshed

People practicing open defecation refers to the percentage of the population defecating in the open, such as in fields, forest, bushes, open bodies of water, on beaches, in other open spaces or disposed of with solid waste.